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PERBANDINGAN PENGATURAN TINDAK PIDANA PENODAAN AGAMA DI INDONESIA DENGAN PAKISTAN (TINJAUAN BERDASARKAN MIXED LAW SYSTEM)
Received 9 November 2024, Published 26 January 2025, Available online 27 March 2025.
Abstract
Indonesia and Pakistan are presently among the nations that criminalize blasphemy. Both nations are the largest Muslim-majority countries globally. Notably, the regulation of blasphemy varies significantly between the two countries. This study was conducted in a normative legal framework. The findings reveal that the disparities in blasphemy regulations between Indonesia and Pakistan are influenced by each country's legal heritage and historical context. Although both are classified as mixed legal systems, Indonesia's legal framework is dominated by civil law, whereas Pakistan legal system is dominantly shaped by Islamic law along with the common law system derived from England. In Indonesia, blasphemy is addressed under Article 156a KUHP, UU PNPS, and UU ITE, imposing penalties of imprisonment and/or fines. In contrast, Pakistan's legislation comprises numerous articles that specifically criminalize blasphemy across various classifications, imposing severe penalties including the death penalty, life imprisonment, and specific terms of incarceration, often accompanied by fines. In comparison, Indonesia's criminal act of religious blasphemy aligns more closely with human rights principles and is less discriminatory compared to Pakistan Penal Code
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Peraturan Hukum Internasional
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966
General comment No. 36 on article 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, on the right to life
Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Indonesia dan Pakistan
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana
Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik
Undang-Undang Nomor 1/PNPS/1965 tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan dan/atau Penodaan Agama
Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860)
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Bibliographic Information
Cite this article as:
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Submitted
9 November 2024 -
Revised
19 December 2024 -
Accepted
Not available -
Published
26 January 2025