Jurnal Hukum to-ra : Hukum Untuk Mengatur dan Melindungi Masyarakat

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN RUMAH SAKIT ATAS PELANGGARAN PELINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI PASIEN PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 27 TAHUN 2022 TENTANG PELINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI

2025-11-24T09:39:13+07:00

Digitalisasi di bidang kesehatan telah membawa manfaat besar dalam efektivitas pelayanan, namun di sisi lain menimbulkan risiko kebocoran data pasien yang semakin tinggi. Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP) lahir sebagai regulasi komprehensif yang mengatur pengendalian dan pemrosesan data pribadi, termasuk data sensitif berupa rekam medis pasien. Artikel ini membahas dua hal pokok, yaitu pengaturan pertanggungjawaban hukum rumah sakit atas pembukaan data pribadi pasien menurut UU PDP, serta kedudukan hukum rumah sakit sebagai pengendali data pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa rumah sakit dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban hukum dalam tiga ranah, yakni perdata, administratif, dan pidana, apabila terbukti lalai menjaga kerahasiaan data pasien. Selain itu, rumah sakit memiliki kedudukan sebagai pengendali data yang menuntut penerapan prinsip legalitas, akuntabilitas, dan keamanan dalam pemrosesan data.

THE LEGAL RATIO OF RESOLVING CRIMINAL ACTS THROUGH THE PROFESSIONAL DISCIPLINARY COUNCIL WITHIN IN THE HEALTH LAW SYSTEM

2025-11-25T16:05:38+07:00

The Professional Discipline Council (Majelis Disiplin Profesi, MDP) occupies a strategic role in Indonesia’s health law system as an institution that enforces medical discipline and ethics while serving as a pre- judicial mechanism to prevent the criminalization of medical professionals. This study analyzes the ratio legis behind the establishment of the MDP to harmonize legal protection for medical workers with patients’ rights. Using a juridical-normative approach, the research examines the MDP’s position, authority, and functional relation to law enforcement bodies. The findings show that the MDP reflects the principle of lex specialis derogat legi generali, emphasizing disciplinary enforcement before criminal proceedings. However, overlapping authorities between the MDP and law enforcement agencies have led to medical criminalization and declining public trust. Strengthened policy frameworks, implementing regulations under Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, enhanced legal competence of MDP members, and a national medical case database are needed. These reforms aim to establish a fair, proportional, and humanistic health law system, positioning the MDP as a key mechanism for substantive justice in healthcare.

FUNGSI PARTAI DALAM PARLEMEN

2025-11-25T16:13:24+07:00

This essay explores the crucial roles that political parties play in the legislature and emphasizes how important they are to representative democracy. As the major conduit between the people and the government, political parties play a crucial role in establishing state policies and upholding a stable, responsible political system. The main tasks that parties carry out in parliament are described in this analysis: legislation, which involves proposing, debating, and approving laws; representation, which involves directing public desires into policy; oversight, or political control, which guarantees checks and balances by keeping an eye on the executive branch; political recruitment, which involves choosing and preparing legislative candidates; and political stabilization, which involves handling conflict and preserving national stability.The study makes the case that the execution of these functions in Indonesia is fraught with difficulties, such as inadequate internal party democracy, poor cadre development, practical hiring procedures, elite dominance, and inadequate government oversight as a result of transactional coalition politics. The study comes to the conclusion that extensive internal party reform, improved political education, and increased accountability and transparency are necessary to strengthen these roles.

PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ATAS PEMILIK JAMINAN FIDUSIA SEBAGAI KREDITUR TERHADAP DEBITOR PAILIT

2025-11-25T16:11:38+07:00

Fiduciary guarantees as part of property rights have a strategic role in bankruptcy law, especially in determining the position and execution rights of creditors. In the condition of a bankrupt debtor, all assets become bankrupt estate, but fiduciary rights remain attached to the collateral object and provide a special position for the creditor as a separatist creditor. This allows the creditor to execute their guarantee independently, without having to submit to the general bankruptcy process, as regulated in Article 55 paragraph (1) of the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law and Article 27 of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law. These separatist rights are strengthened by the fiduciary nature that gives priority to repayment and continues to follow the collateral object (droit de suite), and is public through recording. However, through Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019, it is emphasized that execution of fiduciary objects can only be carried out if there is an agreement or legal proof of default, to guarantee legal protection for the debtor. Thus, the legal relationship between creditors and debtors under fiduciary guarantees remains within the bounds of legal certainty and justice in the bankruptcy process.